00:00:01
So, what I want to talk about
today in lecture is a game
00:00:09
theoretic notion known as The
Prisoners' Dilemma, which can
00:00:15
be used to characterize a
structure that is brought out
00:00:21
both in Book Two of Plato's
Republic and in chapter 13 of
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Hobbes' Leviathan.
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And the purpose of introducing
you to this way of thinking
00:00:34
about questions is exactly what
we have been doing all
00:00:40
It's taking a traditional set
of philosophical issues and
00:00:45
asking how it is that another
discipline's methodology can
00:00:51
shed light on those questions
in a complementary way.
00:00:56
So you'll recall at the
beginning of the last lecture
00:01:01
that I started off with a quote
from the beginning of
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Book Two of Plato's Republic
when Glaucon is answering
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Socrates' challenge to
articulate the nature and
00:01:15
origins of justice--the nature
and origins of, roughly
00:01:19
speaking, pro-social behavior.
00:01:22
And I pointed out that the claim
that Glaucon makes there
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takes the form as follows. "They
say that to do justice--
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injustice is naturally good,
to suffer injustice is bad,
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but that the badness of
suffering so far exceeds the
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goodness of doing it that
those who have done and
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suffered injustice and taken
both but lack the power to do
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it and avoid suffering, decide
that it's profitable to come
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to an agreement with each other
neither to do injustice
00:01:51
And we illustrated that with
the example of the two
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shepherds, one of whom steals
another's horses and gains a
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certain amount of pleasure from
it, but not as much as
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the displeasure that the
stolen fellow receives
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likewise when the second
steals the first.
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So both of them end up in a
situation with less utility
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than they would have if they
were cooperating and they come
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together and form some
sort of pact.
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Glaucon continues with the
passage that I also read you
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He says, "Justice is
intermediate between the best
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and the worst. The best is to
do injustice without paying
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The worst is to suffer
it without being
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able to take revenge.
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Justice is a mean between
these two extremes."
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But I didn't read you the
sentence that follows that,
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which is one on which we'll be
focusing in today's lecture.
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Because Glaucon continues by
pointing out that on his view,
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and it will turn out, if you
were thinking of justice as
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this kind of coordination,
on anybody's view
00:03:03
mathematically--
00:03:04
can I ask one of the TFs to
fix the door so that it
00:03:07
doesn't slam as people
walk in?
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