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PROFESSOR: So what I want to
do in today's lecture is to
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move us on to a topic not
unrelated to the one that we
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were addressing before
March break.
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So as you recall, what we were
thinking about before March
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break were the relations that
people bear to one another as
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far as moral responsibility
goes.
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You might think the first part
of the course, the part on
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flourishing, was about human
beings as individuals and the
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ways in which, within
themselves, they might achieve
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a certain kind of harmony.
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The second part of the course
was about morality, about
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interpersonal relations
between individuals.
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And the third part of the
course, which we'll move to in
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earnest next week, is about how
political structures might
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play a role in cultivating
certain kinds of behavior on
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the part of individuals.
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Obviously, that's
an idealization.
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Individuals considered in
isolation are always in
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interaction with others.
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Individuals in pairwise
relations are always embedded
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within larger communities.
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But the arc of the course has
been to move from individuals,
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to small groups of individuals,
to larger groups
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And the punishment unit, which
is just two lectures long, is
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in some ways a transitional
unit between the morality
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section and the political
philosophy section.
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So what I want to do in our
running start, to get people
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back thinking about the
questions that we've been
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thinking about, is
to start with a
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couple of clicker questions.
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So I hope that your clickers
didn't get
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lost over March break.
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And to begin by asking you to
think about a couple of cases
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in real life, tragically, that
have the structure that
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Trolley problems do.
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And then we'll move on to some
cases more directly related to
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So you remember that we devoted
a reasonable amount of
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class attention to thinking
about an abstract and
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idealized moral dilemma
situation, which is sometimes
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called the Trolley
Bystander case.
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There's a trolley which is about
to run into five people.
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There's a bystander next to it,
who realizes that there's
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an alternative track on which
only one person is standing.
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And that bystander faces the
choice of whether to divert
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the threat, the trolley, from
the track where there are the
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five to the track where
there are the one.
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Tragically, the world has found
itself with something
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like an actual trolley case, in
the form of the effusion of
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